Dream Is A Work Essay Example for Free

Dream Is A Work Essay A dream is a work of art which requires of the dreamer no particular talent, special training, or technical competence. Dreaming is a creative enterprise in which all may and most do participate. – Clark S. Hall Dreams Nightmares I.introduction I. Dreams are the touchstones of our characters. Henry David Thoreau Have you ever been curious about what your dreams and nightmares actually mean? Dreams can be mysterious, but understanding the meaning of our dreams can be downright baffling. The content of our dreams can shift suddenly, feature bizarre elements or frighten us with terrifying imagery. The fact that dreams can be so rich and compelling is what causes many to believe that there must be some meaning to our dreams. People have always been fascinated by their secret night-time journeys. Over the years there have been many theories as to why we dream and the function dreams serve. II. What is a dream? – What is a nightmare Nightmare’s distinction is its frightening and emotional content. People wake up in fear in the middle of a nightmare. Because of this, you are more likely to remember your nightmares than your good dream. Studies have said that sensiive people are more prone to nightmares because of of their empathetic surroundings. Dream is a series of images, thoughts, or emotions passing through the mind during sleep. We all experience dreams while we sleep III. Facts about Dreams Dreams can be fascinating, exciting, terrifying or just plain weird. 1. Everybody Dreams 2. But You Forget Most of Your Dreams We forget most of our dreams just right after waking up because of our brain condition while were asleep. Although most dreams vanish, certain ones tend to remain. These dreams were so beautiful or bizarre, they captured our attention and increased activity in our DLPFC. Thus, the more impressive your dream or thought, the more likely you are to remember it. How to understand what your dreams mean The symbolism in dreams is often simply borrowed from recent events. The first time the above dream occurred was after the woman had been watching a television programme about sailing. The symbols are rather arbitrary; it is the feelings in the dream which hold the key to unlocking dreams and what they mean. The feelings in the dream are usually an exaggeration of feelings from the real-life issue which caused the dream. If you feel terror in the dream think of when recently, in your waking life, you felt a little frightened. Or if you laugh hysterically during a dream look for a recent time when you found something funny but were maybe constrained from laughing too uproariously. When you find the dreams match it often feels like a clicking into place like a perception rather than an intellectualisation. When you astral project, your astral self is leaving your physical, corporeal body and roaming around on the astral plane. If that’s happening to you, you are extremely aware that it’s happening. It’s not something that happens unconsciously. So, a true astral projection is when you leave your body and you maintain your awareness in your astral body while your physical body stays prone and asleep. So, that being said, however, what happens at night is your astral body becomes aware, it sort of wakes up, but it doesn’t necessarily leave your body. In that way, I could see why you’re asking â€Å"Does the astral body hover over the body while sleeping?† I can tell you that during the times that I have astral projected and gone to visit friends I can see their astral bodies moving out of phase with their physical bodies. So, usually I see a person’s head coming out of their physical head. So, I kind of see their incorporeal head here – their astral head – and their physical head just underneath them. And they usually look pretty shocked. I don’t know if that’s because they’re sensing my presence or that’s how it looks normally. I would have no way to tell, but I can tell you that the astral self does move out of phase a little bit from the physical body while we sleep. At least from what I have seen. This would make sense to me, because when we sleep our bodies are going into sort of a hibernation that allows our astral self – our astral body – to separate and explore if it wants to. If we want to. Always remember that you are attached to your corporeal body with your astral cord, which is what helps you get back into your body after you’ve been out for a while. You don’t want that to get severed . That’s the end of the show if that happens. So, yes, I would say it’s true that every time you sleep your astral body becomes aware, that it is free to move around, but a true astral separation you would be very, very aware of. It would not be something that you’d forget. So I would say that yes, there is some astral activity every night when you sleep, but probably not a full separation. Good question. If you liked this article, sign up to receive free updates. - Top of Form The difference would depend on how you feel about the dream upon waking and what you see as a nightmare. A nightmare is more typically something dreamt where you may well have a conscious recollection of a specific terror. Being pursued by a relentless creature or thing that would harm you, for instance. What you describe may have more to do with a bad dream that is based on some conflict in your life. You dont name any particular thing that you recall of the dream, so the dreams may be more to do with a waking issue almost literally fighting wakefulness. We pass through an odd world of twighlight as we emerge from sleep. Dreams happen mostly just before waking and in a way we often drag them with us. The waking experience itself can be disturbing enough to a pleasant dream to generate the response you describe in some people. As we awaken we can go through a semi-waking awareness of sleep paralysis and some can fight that, lash out as if they are restrained by something unwanted. As the mind comes awake the muscles release this and begin to work on command and we lose our grip on the dream: perhaps even a nice one. Stuff to fight over? Depends on how you feel. If nightmares it is odd that you dont mention specific details. This really sound more related to a waking issue as sleep is released a combination of physical and mental influences driving an agitated response. In the past, when we didnt know the importance of the meaning of dreams, they were undervalued by everyone. Today we know that our dreams are very important not only because they show us a live map of what is happening inside our psyche, but because they give us objective information and guidance about everything that happens in our lives. How can your dreams help you? You have to start keeping a dream journal and a diary where youll take notes of the most important events of the day to begin receiving the help you require. Study the dream language according to the scientific method of dream interpretation the same way you study any foreign language, so that you may easily learn how to translate the dream images into words that make sense to your conscious mind. Your dreams usually talk about you and your life, especially in the beginning of your occupation with dream translation. Later they will give you information about other people and everything else you care about. This is why your diary will help you understand the dream messages. The unconscious mind that produces your dreams sends you answers to your questions in dream messages, information about the things that most worry you, and explanations about what is happening in your life. When you are worried about the results of your tests, the unconscious mind will relieve your anxiety by showi ng you that everything will be fine. When you are making mistakes, the unconscious mind will send you dream images about the past. You will see yourself as you were when you were younger, because you will be repeating a maladaptive behavior that characterized your personality when you were still immature. For example, in the previous day if you were thinking about quitting your job youll understand that the unconscious mind is sending you a warning. You must not be irresponsible like you were when you were a teen. You need this job and you should forget the idea about abandoning it. The unconscious mind will help you find a better job if this is the case, but you should be patient. Work where you are now, and learn everything you can. Tomorrow you may need the experience youll acquire for working in this job, or the good references youll have from there in order to work in a higher position there or somewhere else. You will see dream symbols that have a positive meaning in your dreams after making some progress in dream interpretation, and after transforming your personality to a degree. The personality change is a positive result of dream therapy. Then you may see that you have found a key in a dream. This dream symbol shows you that you have finally found the solution you needed in order to solve a difficult problem. You only need to learn the meaning of the most important dream symbols and understand how the information contained in your dreams helps you correct mistakes in your behavior or eliminate illogical concepts and bad ideas you have formulated to effectively change your life in a positive and rewarding way. In the beginning you should write all your dreams down and compare one dream to another, analyzing an entire dream collection, so that you may really learn the dream language. Once you get used with it, youll automatically translate all dream images into words, immediately understanding the dream messages. Christina Sponias continued Carl Jungs research into the human psyche, discovering the cure for all mental illnesses, and simplifying the scientific method of dream interpretation that teaches you how to exactly translate the meaning of your dreams, so that you can find health, wisdom and happiness.

Hypochondriasis as A Mental Disorder Essay -- Psychology Disease Illne

Hypochondriasis as A Mental Disorder Headache = Tumor. Cough = Tuberculosis. Mole = Skin Cancer. Such is the thought process of a hypochodriac. As defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (DSM-IV), hypochondriasis is an unrealistic interpretation of one's bodily sensations as abnormal, leading to the fear and belief that one has a serious disease (1). This preoccupation with having a serious medical condition is one of the somatoform disorders and may be considered more as a symptom than a disease. In fact, hypochondriacal symptoms often appear as a part of other mental disorders, including forms of depression or schizophrenia (2). For this reason, a close investigation of hypochondriacal behavior is necessary to properly diagnose and treat patients. There are six major components usually associated with these patients: -Misinterpretation of physical symptoms to constitute a serious disease -Persistence of this misinterpretation, regardless of medical reassurance -Preoccupation of lesser intensity than a delusional disorder -Significant distress and social/occupational impairment because of this preoccupation -Disturbance duration of at least 6 months -The ruling out of other anxiety, somatoform, and/or major depressive disorders (3) It is important to note that, while the patient may not be suffering from any major disease, his/her perception of the symptoms is real. Additionally, while hypochondriacs may admit to being overly concerned, they will most likely remain dissatisfied until diagnosed with an illness. For this reason, many hypochondriacs will "shop" for doctors who will provide them with such an answer. The negative implications of this include a strain on the doctor-patient relationsh... ...olmi/chypo.htm 2)Intelihealth: Hypochondriasis , Comprehensive site on hypochondriasis, with material provided by Harvard Medical School http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH?t=10773&p=~br,IHW|~st,8271|~r,WSIHW000|~b,*| 3)Recognizing Hypochondriasis in Primary Care, Report by professors from the Research College of Nursing regarding hypochondria, etiologic theories, forms of the disorder, etc. http://www.springnet.com/springnet_jump.htm 4)Hypochondriasis: A Fresh Outlook on Treatment, Article in the Psychiatric Times concerning treatment options for hypochondriacs http://www.mhsource.com/pt/p980768.jhtml?_requestid=335123 5)Psychiatry Matters: Hypochondriasis, basic site with definitions, symptom descriptions, treatments, etc. http://www.psychiatrymatters.md/International/Authfiles/Error.asp?404;http://www.psychiatrymatters.md/cdt24Aug2001/index.asp Hypochondriasis as A Mental Disorder Essay -- Psychology Disease Illne Hypochondriasis as A Mental Disorder Headache = Tumor. Cough = Tuberculosis. Mole = Skin Cancer. Such is the thought process of a hypochodriac. As defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (DSM-IV), hypochondriasis is an unrealistic interpretation of one's bodily sensations as abnormal, leading to the fear and belief that one has a serious disease (1). This preoccupation with having a serious medical condition is one of the somatoform disorders and may be considered more as a symptom than a disease. In fact, hypochondriacal symptoms often appear as a part of other mental disorders, including forms of depression or schizophrenia (2). For this reason, a close investigation of hypochondriacal behavior is necessary to properly diagnose and treat patients. There are six major components usually associated with these patients: -Misinterpretation of physical symptoms to constitute a serious disease -Persistence of this misinterpretation, regardless of medical reassurance -Preoccupation of lesser intensity than a delusional disorder -Significant distress and social/occupational impairment because of this preoccupation -Disturbance duration of at least 6 months -The ruling out of other anxiety, somatoform, and/or major depressive disorders (3) It is important to note that, while the patient may not be suffering from any major disease, his/her perception of the symptoms is real. Additionally, while hypochondriacs may admit to being overly concerned, they will most likely remain dissatisfied until diagnosed with an illness. For this reason, many hypochondriacs will "shop" for doctors who will provide them with such an answer. The negative implications of this include a strain on the doctor-patient relationsh... ...olmi/chypo.htm 2)Intelihealth: Hypochondriasis , Comprehensive site on hypochondriasis, with material provided by Harvard Medical School http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH?t=10773&p=~br,IHW|~st,8271|~r,WSIHW000|~b,*| 3)Recognizing Hypochondriasis in Primary Care, Report by professors from the Research College of Nursing regarding hypochondria, etiologic theories, forms of the disorder, etc. http://www.springnet.com/springnet_jump.htm 4)Hypochondriasis: A Fresh Outlook on Treatment, Article in the Psychiatric Times concerning treatment options for hypochondriacs http://www.mhsource.com/pt/p980768.jhtml?_requestid=335123 5)Psychiatry Matters: Hypochondriasis, basic site with definitions, symptom descriptions, treatments, etc. http://www.psychiatrymatters.md/International/Authfiles/Error.asp?404;http://www.psychiatrymatters.md/cdt24Aug2001/index.asp

Bubonic plague Essay

Bubonic plague has emerged and spread rapidly across towns, cities, and rural areas in several worldwide epidemics through the whole of history. Probably the earliest mention of bubonic plague is the Old Testament record in the First Book of Samuel giving an account of swellings and rodents that made attack on the Philistines (Ackroyd 55-57). The bubonic plague later hit the falling apart Roman Empire in the period of the sixth and seventh centuries. And from 1348 to 1350, the plague known as the Black Death brought the suffering and death across Europe and China, killing perhaps one-quarter or one-third of the population. This terrible epidemic outbreak of the deadly and highly infectious plague in China and Europe, that became possibly the worst catastrophe in all written history, still remains one of the most important and controversial tragic events through the history. Many professional historians of medicine analyzed the origin and spread of the Black Death, trying to explain or understand the origin and flow of epidemic disease during that period. This paper will discuss some of the perspectives and historical accounts by giving a glimpse of the evidence that various historians have considered. The Cause of the Black Death Most historians acknowledge that Europe and China experienced population pressure and famine in the 1300’s. Supporters of the demographic model usually link famine with plague, sometimes directly, sometimes vaguely. Famine and population pressure, state North and Thomas (1970), â€Å"set the stage for disease† and often were associated with the origin of the plague (1-17). Supporting such point of view, Le Roy Ladurie (1972) described the Black Death as a â€Å"holocaust of the undernourished† (3-34). Historians indicate that the Black Death had been preceded by the periods of famine, in particular the great famine of 1315-17 that was experienced by European population in the north, and it is also recorded that considerable population increase in general had already been reported before the Black Death. Consequently, analysis of supporters of the demographic model would suggest that the massive expansion of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries generated a situation where population growth went faster than food resources, with the outcome that lack of means by which population could maintain life became more serious and facilitated the origin of the epidemic. Other historians disagree. Thus, for example, Jean Meuvret (1993) argued that there was no simple or direct cause-effect relationship between famine/population pressure and Black Death. Jean Meuvret’s position was confirmed by Jean-Noel Biraben in a great study of the plague (Grmek and Fantini 319). Biraben demonstrated that although bubonic plague often originated after famine, there were many examples when famine came after plague and other cases in which plague was not accompanied by famine and vice versa. The historian came to conclusion that in the case of the Black Death there was no cause other than the plague itself that could have brought about epidemic. There may be found some relationship between famine and disease, he indicates, but it was not because famine became the cause of the plague; rather, it was because plague, after striking, aggravated famine as a result of the considerable stagnation of agriculture and economic disorder. Moreover, in all the recent medical literature that examines plague taking into account historical cycles, there is found no direct connection between lack of food and plague origin. These considerations generate doubt about the position of the demographic model. The Spread of the Black Death This section will begin by asking where Black Death came from, and why it emerged when it did. There is general agreement among contemporary observers and today’s historians that the Black Death of the fourteenth century originated in central Asia. Although it is hard to tell for sure, but there is also a growing opinion among historians that the Black Death came and expanded across Central Asia from China in the period of the 1340s and in 1347 it infected medieval Genoese traders who had established roots between Europe and Central Asia, it almost instantly emerged in Constantinople and was then right away communicated by the trade routes to the widespread areas of Mediterranean and western Europe. Historians have found out that already by the end of 1348 most population of southern and western Europe had been infected with this rapidly developing disease. It soon appeared in England and two years later it already hit the rest of the British land, Germany and Scandinavia. It is estimated that between a third and a half of all Europeans were killed by the Black Death of 1348-53 (Loudon 66). The dreadful disease spread every day from the sick to the noninfected. It was even not necessary to be near the infected: even being in contact with their clothes or anything they had touched was enough to become infected. Most of the poor population was not allowed to leave the houses and became sick every day by thousands. And for insufficiency of appropriate medical service and other things, almost all unavoidably were destined to terrible death. The epidemic killed whole communities. John Saltmarsh presents account of the genocide, economic stagnation and depression brought by plague. He refers to a French historian who described in detail deserted villages and farms. Saltmarsh cites a Franciscan Friar, John Clyn: Lest things worthy of remembrance should perish with time, and fall away from the memory of those who come after us, I, seeing these many evils, and the whole world lying, as it were, in the wicked one – myself awaiting death among the dead – inter mortuos mortem expectans – as I have truly heard and examined, so I have reduced these things to writing; and lest the writing should perish with the writer, and the work fail together with the workman, I leave parchment for continuing the work, if haply any man survive, and any of the race of Adam escape this pestilence and continue the work which I have begun (Creighton 115). This situation was not confined only to Europe. Beginning from the 1320s, the Black Death had carved its way along the roads of Central Asia. In particular China was hard affected. Some sources indicate that by the 1390s the population of China may have dropped to approximately 90 million from 125 million (Gottfried 35). Interpretations of the Black Death Medical professionals are now of the same opinion that the Black Death was the bubonic plague, arriving from central Asia, and carried by fleas and rats, which were widespread in medieval Europe. Medieval doctors, however, naturally possessed no knowledge to determine by diagnosis anything so dependent upon microscopic examination of phenomena. As a result, the plague was often attributed to God’s rage against the special depravity and corruption of that period. Thus, for example, in Piers Ploughman, Reason â€Å"proved that these pestilences were for pure sin, and the south-west wind on Saturday at even was for pure pride, and no point else† (Sumption 15). Contemporary astrological specialists noticed the deadly union of Saturn, Jupiter, and Mars. In addition, Jews were oppressed and destroyed as there was information that they had poisoned wells. Medical representatives had two opinions: the first group claimed that the cause was miasma, pollution of the air, and the second group considered that direct contact was the cause and recommended complete isolation. The quarantines were absolutely useless, taking into consideration the fact that the disease was transmitted by rats and fleas, but these nuances were not known until additional studies were done after the next great plague emerged in the 1890s. Conclusion Human devastation was tremendous in the period of the Black Death, and the demographic, economic, political, social, and psychological impact of the plague was greatly felt for many decades. This paper explored various points of view of historians studying epidemics of the past and their explanations of how and why the great epidemic emerged, spread rapidly and caused so high mortality. It also looked at various interpretations of this disease by contemporary observers.

The Methods Of The American Revolution - 3308 Words

The Methods Leading to the American Revolution The colonist’s rebellious reaction to the British King and Parliaments actions led to their American Revolution. Did the colonists rebel in a justice form or was Great Britain taking advantage of them? Did the methods they used like the Boston Tea Party and Boston Massacre proper? Was Great Britain right not to include colonists to represent in Parliament? Was it right for Great Britain to tax the colonists or were the colonists right to revolt? The leading events toward the American Revolution started when the colonist objected paying taxes to Great Britain. They felt it violated their rights as British people because the acts were passed in England without a colonial representative. Not only did the British taxation cause their revolution, but it was also a unifying force in the colonies. After gaining France’s North American territory in the Seven Years war, Britain faced huge debt and the responsibility of a massive l and. The purpose for this land was to gather the resources and make extra profit to benefit England. Before Great Britain started enforcing taxes and acts, the colonists lived a life of prosperity and governed themselves. Great Britain showed salutary neglect towards them, and due to this, the colonists were not willing to be â€Å"tied down† with their governing. They argued The French and Indian War wasn’t their responsibility and the British shouldn’t tax them without representation, while the BritishShow MoreRelatedThe Methods Of The American Revolution3308 Words   |  14 PagesThe Methods Leading to the American Revolution The colonist’s rebellious reaction to the British King and Parliaments actions led to their American Revolution. Did the colonists rebel in a justice form or was Great Britain taking advantage of them? Did the methods they used like the Boston Tea Party and Boston Massacre proper? Was Great Britain right not to include colonists to represent in Parliament? Was it right for Great Britain to tax the colonists or were the colonists right to revoltRead MoreA Brief Look at the Green Revolution740 Words   |  3 Pagesin agriculture. Fortunate enough, an American scientist named â€Å"Norman Borlaug† found a solution to the problem by developing a movement termed the â€Å"Green Revolution† (Briney, 2008). Starting in the 1960s, this movement encouraged nations around the world to use â€Å"high yielding seeds and chemical infused fertilizers† to increase their productivity on farms, thus leading to a more rewarding lifestyle (Curran, 2013). Together, th ese materials made up the American way of farming, and the results madeRead MoreAmerican Revolution Accelerated evolution vs Cataclysmic revolution1624 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿The American Revolution was an accelerated evolution rather than a cataclysmic revolution to a certain point. An accelerated evolution is a rapid process of growth and change, while a cataclysmic revolution is a sudden and violent event that brings great changes. The extent to which the American Revolution was an accelerated evolution was during events that completely disregarded the government. When considered politically, economically and socially the extent to which the American Revolution wasRead MoreThe Justification Of The Whiskey Rebellion1430 Words   |  6 Pagescontroversial of them all, because it targeted those who used whiskey as a method of trade. Unequally taxing the citizens, the Whiskey Tax sparked a rebellion led by the farmers of Western Pennsylvania. By stripping its citizens of their rights, the American republic modeled the very government that they had once rebelled against. The government’s response to the Whiskey Rebellion was a departure from the spirit of the American Revolution. Desperate to solidify the power of the majority, political leadersRead MoreWestern Civilization1000 Words   |  4 Pagesassemble, and these restrictions could not be upheld. Fear of a catholic monarchy led to the expulsion of James the 2nd and the glorious revolution. Constitutionalism was the way of the future and in my own personal opinion it was the best way to go. Shortly after absolutism and constituionalism the scientific revolution came into effect. The scientific revolution of the seventeenth century was the major cause of the change in world view and one of the key developments in the evolution of the westernRead MoreHow Did Labor Change After The American Revolution?1626 Words   |  7 Pageschange after the American Revolution? THINK ABOUT: How did technology impact the older, artisan labor system, slave labor and industrial labor to 1877? What ideologies were in conflict over â€Å"free labor†? How did gender and regionalism impact attitudes toward labor in American society? The American Revolution was not the only revolution to take place in America. The Industrial revolution was happening all across America in the times leading up to the Civil War. The Industrial Revolution, which came toRead MoreThe American And Chinese Communist Revolutions1363 Words   |  6 Pagesthe American and Chinese Communist revolutions, some being similar and some being different. One of the main causes of the revolutions was that they both were inspired by the Enlightenment. This factor made both wars and their outcomes more intellectually based rather than physically. Another main accelerator that forced the people to fight for a change in their government was due to an unpopular method of rule. In both China and America, the forms of government previous to their revolutions andRead More Western Civilization Essays991 Words   |  4 Pagesthese restrictions could not be upheld. Fear of a catholic monarchy led to the expulsion of James the 2nd and the glorious revolution . Constitutionalism was the way of the future and in my own personal opinion it was the best way to go. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Shortly after absolutism and constituionalism the scientific revolution came into effect. The scientfic revolution of the seventeenth century was the major cause of the change in world view and one of the key developments in the evolutionRead MoreThe American Revolution And American History Essay1376 Words   |  6 Pages The American Revolution was an important moment in American history. The revolution shed new light on how people could live and how a nation could be governed. Looking back, one might think that the British saw the American colonists as a group of people easy to conquer. In the time period of the American Revolution, women were seen more as property rather than active participants in war, but women played a large part in the war. In the end, the American Revolution transformed the United StatesRead MoreThe American Renissance1169 Words   |  5 Pageslifestyle. Revolution is a fundamental change in society brought by people getting togeth er for a common cause. Many revolutions had taken place in human history, led by different causes, situations and people. Some examples are like political revolution, socio-economic revolution industrial or commercial revolution, philosophical revolution, Cultural Revolution etc. Those revolutions vary in methods, motives, duration and its effects on society. Sometimes the intentions behind the revolution or movement